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| Kansas ranks fifth nationally in oil production under prorarion, and is eighth in the nation in total mineral production. KN1-7 "HOME ON THE RANGE" The primary market for Kansas crops is livestock like these beef-bred Herefords grazing on the West Kansas plains. Kansas is one of the few places in the nation where cattle can be fattened on grass alone. The secret is the big and little bluestem grass in a soil highly charged with lime from disintegrating rocks. KN2-1 WICHITA Thousands of longhorn steers passed over the Chisholm Trail in 1870, the year that Wichita was planned and laid out. When, in 1872, the Santa Fe railway reached the town, it superseded Abilene and Newton as the "cow capital." Before the end of the year, over 350,000 cattle had been shipped from this young cow town. Cattle no longer walk all the way from Texas to market in Kansas, but Wichita is still a leading Southwest meat packing center. KN2-2 FALL RIVER RESERVOIR Halfway between Eureka and Fredonia in southeastern Kansas is the Fall River Dam and Reservoir. The backing up of the Fall River has formed a 2,600-acre lake with a 40-mile shoreline. The dam was completed in 1949 by the U. S. Army Engineers, is over a mile long, and rises 94 feet above the stream bed. KN2-3 THE ARKANSAS RIVER This great river enters the state from Colorado on the western border at the town of Coolidge, flows through the High Plains of the western third of the state, past Dodge City, executes a long "S" turn in the central Low Plains, and, turning south at Wichita, skirts the Blue-stem Belt leaving the state at Arkansas City and Silverdale to pass through Oklahoma and Arkansas where it joins the Mississippi. The rivers and lakes of Kansas abound in crappie, bass, channel cat, drum, bluegill, and bullhead. KN2-4 A SCENIC STATE LAKE dark County State Lake is one of the major reservoirs created or owned by the State of Kansas in a long-range conservation program. It is estimated that 50,000 farm and pasture ponds and five large reser- voirs in each county will be needed to assure adequate flood control and water conservation. State parks that surround these lakes provide recreational facilities for pleasant vacations. KN2-5 THE CHALK SPIRES These chalk spires are all that remain of chalky shale and chalk beds that once filled the Smoky Hill region of northwestern Kansas. Paleontologists hunt here for fossils, having already uncovered 35 to 50-foot monsters which swam in a prehistoric sea that covered Kansas 100 million years ago. KN2-6 MUSHROOM ROCKS About 12 miles southeast of Ellsworth are the Mushroom Rocks, up- tilted stratas of harder rock that have resisted the elements which wore down the alluvial plains. Balanced Rock, shown in the picture, is the most famous of the rocks. Not far from here is a rock upon which Buffalo Bill and the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia carved their names while on a buffalo hunt in the 1870's. KN2-7 SCOTT COUNTY STATE PARK This rugged, tree-dotted area is one of the first of such parks to be set aside by the Kansas Forestry, Fish and Game Commission. Its 1,200 acres which include streams and a 110-acre lake lies between the flat High Plains and the shelved limestone walls of the Smoky Hill Region. Features of the park are the 200-acre Buffalo Sanctuary, where a small herd is maintained, and an adobe stronghold built by the Spanish and the Picurie Indians in the early part of the 18th century. KN3-1 TERRITORIAL CAPITAL AT FORT RILEY The first territorial legislature convened in this small building on July 2, 1855. It was at Fort Riley that the U. S. Army maintained its last cavalry school, manning the post with three cavalry regiments in 1939- The fort was established in 1852 to protect travelers from Indians. KN3-2 FORT HAYS In the Frontier Historical Park in Hays, Kansas, not far from the ETC |